Atlas of Ophthalmology

Chlamydial Conjunctivitis (Colour Photography Anterior Segment)

Conjunctiva -> Conjunctivitis, Neonatal
Patient: 22 years of age, male, BVVA RA cc 0.9, LA cc 0.5. Ocular Medical History: predominantly on the left eye increased tearing, itching, mucopurulent secretions, irresponsive to topical treatment. General Medical History: no past or current urethral symptoms were reported, indirect immunofluorescence testing (IIFT) for Chlamydia trachomatis was positive (1:1280). Purpose: to present epithelial and subepithelial infiltrates in Chlamydial Conjunctivitis. Methods: Colour Photography Anterior Pole. Findings: Colour Photography Anterior Pole, Conjunctiva: bulbar conjunctival hyperaemia, follicular reaction of tarsal conjunctiva, superior papillary reaction. Colour Photography Anterior Pole, Cornea: peripheral epithelial and subepithelial infiltrates. Discussion: Chlamydia trachomatis is a ubiquitos pathogen worldwide and causes ocular, urogenital and respiratory infections in humans. An estimated 92 million new cases of Chlamydia trachomatis infection occur each year (1). About 0.3%-2% of genital infection with Chlamydia trachomatis are complicated by a chlamydial eye infection (2). Ocular localizations of C. trachomatis are typically observed among neonates and infants who acquire the infection while passing through the birth canal. Chlamydial conjunctivitis may also occur in adolescents following a genital infection. Chlamydial conjunctivitis affects initially one eye and the incubation period varies from 4 to 12 days. Nucleic Acid Amplification Tests (NAATs) are currently recommended as the first diagnostic choice. Literature: (1) Qayum M, Khalid-bin-Saleem M. Prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis among asymptomatic women. J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad. 2013;25(1–2):28–30. (2) Postema EJ, Remeijer L, van der Meijden WI. Epidemiology of genital chlamydial infections in patients with chlamydial conjunctivitis; a retrospective study. Genitourin Med. 1996;72(3):203–205. (3) Sulis G, Urbinati L, Franzoni A, Gargiulo F, Carvalho AC, Matteelli A. Chlamydia trachomatis conjunctivitis in a male teenager: a case report. Infez Med. 2014 Jun;22(2):140-3.

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