Patient: 76 years of age, male, BCVA 0.8 at OD, 1/20 at OS, IOP 12/11 mmHg. General Medical History: oral anticoagulation with phenprocoumon in atrial fibrillation, arterial hypertension, diabetes type 2. Ocular Medical History: sudden bleeding in anterior chamber, decreased vision. Main Complaint: sudden decrease of vision. Purpose: to demonstrate an acute nontraumatic hemorrhage in the anterior chamber. Methods: Colour Photography Anterior Segment, Colour Photography Posterior Segment. Findings: Colour Photography Anterior Segment: spontaneoustreak of blood in anterior chamber, hyphema. Colour Photography Posterior Segment: generalized narrowing of arterioles, arterio-venous crossings, venous dilatation, retinal microinfarcts. Discussion: Spontaneous hyphema refers to a nontraumatic hemorrhage in the anterior chamber and may result from such conditions as rubeosis iridis, intraocular neoplasms, blood dyscrasias, severe iritis, fibrovascular membranes in the retrolental or zonular area, and vascular anomalies of the iris. Terry et al. (1) presented a case with a spontaneous hyphema occurring as a result of iris neovascularization in a patient who suffered from occlusion of the central retinal vein. Literature: (1) Terry JE, Roberts DK. Differential diagnosis of spontaneous hyphema associated with central retinal vein occlusion. J Am Optom Assoc. 1986 Sep;57(9):688-92.