Case showing retinal vessels of a male subject, 63 years of age, body-mass-index BMI 38,8, arterial hypertension since 2004, history of stroke in 2004, now arterial blood pressure of 120 / 80 mmHg under therapie.
Arterial hypertension results in a series of retinal microvascular changes called hypertensive retinopathy, comprising of generalized and focal retinal arteriolar narrowing, arteriovenous nicking, retinal hemorrhages, microaneurysms and, in severe cases, optic disc and macular edema. Hypertensive retinopathy signs are associated with other indicators of end-organ damage as left ventricular hypertrophy, and renal impairment. In addition hypertensive retinopathy signs may be a risk marker of future clinical events, such as stroke, congestive heart failure and cardiovascular mortality.
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